Titanium dioxide, known as titanium dioxide, is an important fine chemical raw material. It is the most important white pigment, accounting for 80% of all white pigments. 90% of the world's titanium resources are used to make titanium dioxide. The third largest inorganic chemical (in value) below synthetic ammonia and phosphoric acid. Titanium dioxide is a white inorganic pigment that is widely used and has a large market demand. The main application areas of titanium dioxide include: coatings, masterbatch, plastics, paper and so on.
Coating
Coatings are the largest users of titanium dioxide. In general, titanium dioxide consumption in the coatings field accounts for 60% of the consumption of titanium dioxide applications, and it is also the most used pigment in the coatings industry (titanium white content of 10% to 35% in various coatings). The main types of coatings with a large amount of titanium dioxide are as follows:
Latex paint
Latex paint is a kind of water-based paint. It is a new type of paint which is obtained by emulsifying the resin with water and adding pigment. Latex paint is solvent-free or contains a small amount of solvent. It has the advantages of weather resistance, brushability and environmental protection. It is widely used as architectural coatings. With the rapid development of urban construction and housing industry, the demand for architectural coatings is very strong. It can be said that latex paint is the fastest growing variety in the coatings industry in recent years. Latex paint is used for internal and external use. For external use, rutile must be used; for domestic use, anatase is used, and foreign companies still use rutile. Generally, the processing technology of latex paint is: premixing pigment, filler, dispersant, water, defoaming agent, etc., after high-speed stirring (or grinding) to a certain fineness, then adding emulsion, other additives, etc., high-speed stirring (or grinding) ) Get the product.
Powder coating
The powder coating is directly melted by using an auxiliary agent such as a resin and a pigment to disperse the pigment in the molten resin, and then cooled and pulverized. Since the powder coating contains no solvent, it will not cause environmental pollution when used. At the same time, the powder coating can be recycled during use, which is also beneficial for saving energy. Powder coatings are classified according to the resin used: epoxy modified, acrylic, polyester and the like. The majority of titanium dioxide used is rutile titanium white.
2·Plastic
The plastics industry is the second largest user of titanium dioxide. Because plastic products are much thicker than paints and inks, it does not require too much pigment volume concentration, plus it has high hiding power and strong tinting strength. 1% to 5%. It is used in almost all thermosetting and thermoplastic plastics, such as polyolefins (mainly low-density polyethylene, polypropylene), polystyrene, ABS, polyvinyl chloride, etc. It can be mixed with resin dry powder or It is mixed with the plasticizer-containing liquid, and some are used after processing the titanium dioxide into the masterbatch.
Titanium dioxide for plastics is generally subjected to organic surface treatment (polyol, silane or siloxane), because titanium dioxide for plastics is different from titanium dioxide for coatings. The former is processed by shearing in low-polarity resins. The organic surface treated titanium dioxide can be dispersed better under appropriate mechanical shearing force.
3. Papermaking
Papermaking is the third largest user of titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide is generally used in decorative paper, Bible paper and banknotes. Paper using titanium dioxide has good whiteness, high strength, luster, thin and smooth, and does not penetrate during printing. Under the same conditions, opacity is higher than calcium carbonate. The talcum powder is 10 times higher and the quality can be reduced by 15% to 30%. Decorative paper, also known as titanium white paper, is mainly used to make raw materials for furniture, flooring, wallpaper, etc. The requirements of the paper industry for the quality of titanium dioxide are in order of importance:
1) Covering power (opacity): The ability of paper with the same titanium white to cover the background color. This indicator determines the price/performance ratio of titanium dioxide. Simply put, titanium dioxide with high hiding power is generally expensive, but the amount used is small, so the cost of titanium dioxide per ton of paper may be lower; titanium dioxide with low hiding power, although the price is low, but the amount is large, resulting in per ton The cost of titanium dioxide in paper increases;
2) Whiteness: The whiteness of titanium white determines the appearance of the paper after molding;
3) Dispersibility: The current papermaking process generally uses dispersing agents. Therefore, the water dispersibility of titanium dioxide is not much different;
4) Weather resistance: domestic rutile can meet the weather resistance requirements of most papers, and only a small amount of paper requires rutile to provide high weather resistance;
5) Retention rate: The paper industry reuses the filtered water, or uses a retention aid. Generally, the recovery rate of titanium dioxide is above 99%. The reason for retaining this indicator is because the international large titanium dioxide company is selling. When the titanium dioxide for papermaking is used, both the retention agent formulation and the use method are provided to improve the service quality and increase the competitiveness of the product.
4·Masterbatch
The plastic masterbatch is a highly concentrated, high-performance color formulation in which the pigment is uniformly distributed in the carrier resin at an extraordinary concentration and forms particles of a certain particle size. It is used as a coloring agent in plastics. The color masterbatch has superior coloring effect, is easy to use, saves energy, and has no dust and sewage when used. Therefore, it is favored by users. The masterbatch industry has gained speed due to its simple production process and low investment. According to incomplete statistics, the titanium dioxide used in the production of masterbatch in China is 20,000 to 30,000 tons per year. The rutile used is divided into high, medium and low grades. The high grade uses imported rutile, the medium grade uses domestic rutile, and the low grade uses domestic sharp. Titanium type titanium white.
Masterbatches can be used to color match polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and ABS plastics. The main components are pigments, resins, dispersants, fillers, fluorescent whitening agents, antioxidants, anti-UV agents, antistatic agents, toughening agents, brighteners, etc. Titanium dioxide is used as a white pigment and is non-toxic. It has the advantages of stable chemical properties, high hiding power and good dispersibility.
Masterbatch is used as an industrial raw material, and its performance is usually manifested in subsequent product applications (such as blown film or injection molding). Therefore, the performance of titanium dioxide in masterbatch is mainly reflected in the application of masterbatch. .
1) Titanium white coloring ability: the amount of titanium white used to determine the color of the same plastic product;
2) Whiteness and chromatic aberration of titanium white: the appearance of light (white) plastic products having the same titanium white content;
3) Dispersibility of titanium dioxide: affecting the production cost of masterbatch and the appearance and gloss of plastic products
4) Processing properties of titanium dioxide: affecting the production cost of masterbatch.
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